fastify-riotjs-and-lowdb/node_modules/pino/docs/browser.md

Browser API

Pino is compatible with browserify for browser side usage:

This can be useful with isomorphic/universal JavaScript code.

By default, in the browser, pino uses corresponding Log4j console methods (console.error, console.warn, console.info, console.debug, console.trace) and uses console.error for any fatal level logs.

Options

Pino can be passed a browser object in the options object, which can have the following properties:

asObject (Boolean)

const pino = require('pino')({browser: {asObject: true}})

The asObject option will create a pino-like log object instead of passing all arguments to a console method, for instance:

pino.info('hi') // creates and logs {msg: 'hi', level: 30, time: <ts>}

When write is set, asObject will always be true.

write (Function | Object)

Instead of passing log messages to console.log they can be passed to a supplied function.

If write is set to a single function, all logging objects are passed to this function.

const pino = require('pino')({
  browser: {
    write: (o) => {
      // do something with o
    }
  }
})

If write is an object, it can have methods that correspond to the levels. When a message is logged at a given level, the corresponding method is called. If a method isn't present, the logging falls back to using the console.

const pino = require('pino')({
  browser: {
    write: {
      info: function (o) {
        //process info log object
      },
      error: function (o) {
        //process error log object
      }
    }
  }
})

serialize: (Boolean | Array)

The serializers provided to pino are ignored by default in the browser, including the standard serializers provided with Pino. Since the default destination for log messages is the console, values such as Error objects are enhanced for inspection, which they otherwise wouldn't be if the Error serializer was enabled.

We can turn all serializers on,

const pino = require('pino')({
  browser: {
    serialize: true
  }
})

Or we can selectively enable them via an array:

const pino = require('pino')({
  serializers: {
    custom: myCustomSerializer,
    another: anotherSerializer
  },
  browser: {
    serialize: ['custom']
  }
})
// following will apply myCustomSerializer to the custom property,
// but will not apply anotherSerializer to another key
pino.info({custom: 'a', another: 'b'})

When serialize is true the standard error serializer is also enabled (see https://github.com/pinojs/pino/blob/master/docs/api.md#stdSerializers). This is a global serializer which will apply to any Error objects passed to the logger methods.

If serialize is an array the standard error serializer is also automatically enabled, it can be explicitly disabled by including a string in the serialize array: !stdSerializers.err, like so:

const pino = require('pino')({
  serializers: {
    custom: myCustomSerializer,
    another: anotherSerializer
  },
  browser: {
    serialize: ['!stdSerializers.err', 'custom'] //will not serialize Errors, will serialize `custom` keys
  }
})

The serialize array also applies to any child logger serializers (see https://github.com/pinojs/pino/blob/master/docs/api.md#discussion-2 for how to set child-bound serializers).

Unlike server pino the serializers apply to every object passed to the logger method, if the asObject option is true, this results in the serializers applying to the first object (as in server pino).

For more info on serializers see https://github.com/pinojs/pino/blob/master/docs/api.md#parameters.

transmit (Object)

An object with send and level properties.

The transmit.level property specifies the minimum level (inclusive) of when the send function should be called, if not supplied the send function be called based on the main logging level (set via options.level, defaulting to info).

The transmit object must have a send function which will be called after writing the log message. The send function is passed the level of the log message and a logEvent object.

The logEvent object is a data structure representing a log message, it represents the arguments passed to a logger statement, the level at which they were logged and the hierarchy of child bindings.

The logEvent format is structured like so:

{
  ts = Number,
  messages = Array,
  bindings = Array,
  level: { label = String, value = Number}
}

The ts property is a unix epoch timestamp in milliseconds, the time is taken from the moment the logger method is called.

The messages array is all arguments passed to logger method, (for instance logger.info('a', 'b', 'c') would result in messages array ['a', 'b', 'c']).

The bindings array represents each child logger (if any), and the relevant bindings. For instance given logger.child({a: 1}).child({b: 2}).info({c: 3}), the bindings array would hold [{a: 1}, {b: 2}] and the messages array would be [{c: 3}]. The bindings are ordered according to their position in the child logger hierarchy, with the lowest index being the top of the hierarchy.

By default serializers are not applied to log output in the browser, but they will always be applied to messages and bindings in the logEvent object. This allows us to ensure a consistent format for all values between server and client.

The level holds the label (for instance info), and the corresponding numerical value (for instance 30). This could be important in cases where client side level values and labels differ from server side.

The point of the send function is to remotely record log messages:

const pino = require('pino')({
  browser: {
    transmit: {
      level: 'warn',
      send: function (level, logEvent) {
        if (level === 'warn') {
          // maybe send the logEvent to a separate endpoint
          // or maybe analyse the messages further before sending
        }
        // we could also use the `logEvent.level.value` property to determine
        // numerical value
        if (logEvent.level.value >= 50) { // covers error and fatal

          // send the logEvent somewhere
        }
      }
    }
  }
})